What is the treatment for distributive shock?
The main goals of treatment in distributive shock are to reverse the underlying cause and achieve hemodynamic stabilization. Immediate treatment involves fluid resuscitation and the use of vasoactive drugs, both vasopressors and inotropes.
Can anaphylaxis cause distributive shock?
In distributive shock due to anaphylaxis, decreased SVR is due primarily to massive histamine release from mast cells after activation by antigen-bound immunoglobulin E (IgE), as well as increased synthesis and release of prostaglandins.
What is the initial management of distributive shock?
The initial management of distributive shock is to increase intravascular volume. The intent is to provide enough volume to overcome the inappropriate redistribution of existing volume. As with hypovolemic shock, administer 20 mL/kg of fluid as a bolus over 5 to 10 minutes and repeat as needed.
What is the first line treatment to shock?
In general, fluid resuscitation (giving a large amount of fluid to raise blood pressure quickly) with an IV in the ambulance or emergency room is the first-line treatment for all types of shock.
What are examples of vasopressors?
Medicines — including synthetic hormones — that are used as vasopressors include:
- Norepinephrine.
- Epinephrine.
- Vasopressin (Vasostrict)
- Dopamine.
- Phenylephrine.
- Dobutamine.
What happens during distributive shock?
In distributive shock, systemic vasodilation leads to decreased blood flow to the brain, heart, and kidneys damaging vital organs. Additionally, fluid leaks from the capillaries into the surrounding tissues, further complicating the clinical picture.
What type of shock is anaphylactic shock?
There are a number of types of distributive shock, including the following: Anaphylactic shock is a complication of a severe allergic reaction known as anaphylaxis. Allergic reactions occur when your body mistakenly treats a harmless substance as harmful. This triggers a dangerous immune response.
What happens distributive shock?
What is one of the key findings in distributive shock?
Patients with this type of shock have high cardiac output, hypotension, a large pulse pressure, a low diastolic pressure, and warm extremities with good capillary refill. These findings on physical examination strongly suggest a working diagnosis of septic shock.
Is epinephrine used for shock?
Epinephrine is used intravenously in life-threatening circumstances, including the treatment of cardiac asystole, circulatory collapse, and anaphylaxis. In shock states, epinephrine is often administrated intravenously to increase blood pressure.
What is the preferred vasopressor?
Among them, NE remains the most commonly used vasopressor and is recommended as the first-line agent by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC) experts (2). As a strong α-adrenergic agonist, NE increases blood pressure primarily through its vasoconstrictive properties with little effect on heart rate.
What drug is given after epinephrine?
Vasopressin should be effective in patients who remain in cardiac arrest after treatment with epinephrine, but there is inadequate data to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vasopressin in these patients (Class Indeterminate).