What does p16 stain mean?
p16INK4A (henceforth referred to as p16) immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a good surrogate test for the presence of a potentially transforming human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in anogenital carcinomas and premalignant lesions1.
What does p16 positive mean in colposcopy?
In cervical squamous lesions, p16 is positive in most high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and in some cases of low-grade CIN, usually those associated with high-risk HPV.
What is immunohistochemical staining for p16?
The p16 immunohistochemical (IHC) marker has been used increasingly as an adjunct to morphologic assessment of cervical biopsies in which the differential diagnoses include high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) and its mimics.
What does p16 positive mean cervix?
It measures the presence of two specific proteins, p16 and Ki-67, in a sample of cervical cells. The expression of p16 is strongly linked with HPV infection, and Ki-67 is used as a biomarker for the rapid cell division seen in precancers and cancer.
Does p16 mean HPV 16?
On the other hand, p16 protein overexpression is caused by viral E7 protein (11). Consequently, p16 is assumed to be an indirect marker of HPV-induced SCCHN. Several studies describe p16 protein detection as a useful marker of HPV (especially HPV-16) activity (12-15).
What does HPV high risk positive?
A positive test result means that you have a type of high-risk HPV that’s linked to cervical cancer. It doesn’t mean that you have cervical cancer now, but it’s a warning sign that cervical cancer could develop in the future.
What if I test positive for HPV 16 or 18?
What if I Test Positive for HPV 16 or 18 of the Cervix? Testing positive for HPV 16 or 18 doesn’t mean you’ll develop cervical cancer, but it does mean that any dysplasia found in a Pap test carries a higher risk of becoming a cancer.
What is p16 in a cervical biopsy?
Abstract. Introduction: Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among females. P16 is the surrogate marker for cervical carcinoma. This study aimed to evaluate the association of P16 marker with clinic-pathological parameters in squamous cell carcinoma of uterine cervix. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study.
What does p16 negative mean cervix?
The negative predictive value for p16 immunoreactivity to predict cervical lesions less than high grade is almost 100% in our study. Our study suggests that when a woman is negative for HPV and also negative for p16, diagnosis of HSIL should be very cautious in void of unnecessary LEEP procedures.
Does p16 positive mean HPV positive?
Expression of p16INK4A (p16 positive) is highly correlated with human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), however, p16-positivity is not limited to HPV positive tumors and therefore, not a perfect surrogate for HPV.