What is the pathophysiology of hydatidiform mole?
Pathophysiology: A complete mole contains no fetal tissue. 90% are 46XX and 10% are 46XY. All chromosomes are of paternal origin. An enucleate egg is fertilized by a haploid sperm, which then duplicates its chromosomes, or the egg is fertilized by 2 sperm.
What is a complete hydatidiform mole?
A complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is a type of molar pregnancy and falls at the benign end of the spectrum of gestational trophoblastic disease.
What is the etiology of a complete hydatidiform mole?
A hydatidiform mole is a growing mass of tissue inside your womb (uterus) that will not develop into a baby. It is the result of abnormal conception. It may cause bleeding in early pregnancy and is usually picked up in an early pregnancy ultrasound scan. It needs to be removed and most women can expect a full recovery.
What is the pathogenesis of a complete molar pregnancy?
In a complete molar pregnancy, the placental tissue is abnormal and swollen and appears to form fluid-filled cysts. There’s also no formation of fetal tissue. In a partial molar pregnancy, there may be normal placental tissue along with abnormally forming placental tissue.
What is the difference between a complete and incomplete hydatidiform mole?
In complete hydatidiform mole, there is no fetal tissue present; in partial hydatiform moles, there is some residual fetal tissue. Both are due to the over-proliferation of chorionic villi.
How is hydatidiform mole diagnosis?
Ultrasonography is done to be sure that the growth is a hydatidiform mole and not a fetus or amniotic sac (which contains the fetus and fluid around it). (D and C) or obtained when tissue is passed and is then examined under a microscope (biopsy) to confirm the diagnosis.
What is the most common karyotype of a complete hydatidiform mole?
The complete hydatidiform mole is usually diploid and entirely androgenetic in origin. Most have 46,XX karyotype; a few have a 46,XY karyotype. A complete molar pregnancy consists of diffuse hydropic chorionic villi with trophoblastic hyperplasia, forming a mass of multiple vescicles.
What is the difference between complete and partial mole?
In a complete mole, the uterus is usually larger than the expected gestational date of the pregnancy, whereas, in partial moles, the uterus can be smaller than the suggested date.
What is more common complete or partial mole?
Partial Hydatidiform Mole (PHM) PHM is more common than CHM. Morphologically, partial moles differ from that of a complete mole in three principle respects: 1. An embryo/fetus is usually present.
How do complete and partial hydatidiform moles arise?
As described previously, hydatiform moles arise from gestational tissue. In complete hydatidiform mole, there is no fetal tissue present; in partial hydatiform moles, there is some residual fetal tissue. Both are due to the over-proliferation of chorionic villi.