How MDR-TB is diagnosed?
Successful diagnosis and treatment of MDR-TB are based on a rapid and precise drug sensitivity test (DST), which provides evidence for selecting an effective drug [4].
What are the causes of MDR-TB?
MDR TB is caused by the development of TB bacteria, which have become resistant to ordinary TB drugs. This occurs due to various reasons, including: As a result of inadequate or irregular management of “ordinary” TB – either by using inappropriate drug combinations or by using single drugs for “ordinary” TB.
What are the two types of MDR-TB?
What are the main types of drug resistant TB? There are two main types, MDR TB and XDR TB. MDR TB is the name given to TB when the bacteria that are causing it are resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampicin, two of the most effective TB drugs.
Where is MDR-TB most common?
The countries with the largest numbers of MDR/RR-TB cases (47% of the global total) were China, India and the Russian Federation. It is estimated that about 6.2% of these cases were XDR-TB.
Is MDR-TB communicable?
A contact of an MDR-TB patient if treated promptly with an effective regimen is no longer infectious after initiation of effective treatment, thus stopping transmission of this strain to others inside or outside of the home.
How is MDR treated?
MDR regimens should include at least pyrazinamide, a fluoroquinolone, an injectable anti-TB drug, ethionamide (or prothionamide) and either cycloserine or PAS (para-aminosalycylic acid) if cycloserine cannot be used (conditional recommendation, very low quality evidence)(1).
How long is MDR-TB infectious?
We agree that the infectiousness of TB patients diminishes rapidly once effective treatment is initiated. However, there is considerable evidence against dogmatic claims that patients are no longer infectious after 2 weeks of treatment.
What is MDR-TB treatment?
Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is caused by TB bacteria that are resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent TB drugs. These drugs are used to treat all persons with TB disease. TB experts should be consulted in the treatment of MDR TB. Pre-Extensively Drug-resistant TB (pre-XDR TB)
Can MDR-TB cured?
Only about half the people with MDR-TB around the world are successfully cured. TB treatment is lengthy and burdensome to patients and treatment providers alike. MDR-TB treatment can consist of more than 14,000 pills, plus daily injections for six months.
How danger is MDR-TB?
There were an estimated 490,000 new cases of multidrug-resistant TB in 2016, and 240,000 people died of this strain of the disease. A rarer but particularly dangerous strain that is resistant to more types of antibiotics than typical MDR-TB is called extensively drug-resistant TB or XDR-TB.
What drugs are used to treat TB?
Isoniazid (INH): This is the most common therapy for latent TB. You typically take an isoniazid antibiotic pill daily for 9 months.
What is the difference between XDR and MDR tuberculosis?
Unexplained weight loss
What are the side effects of TB medications?
Nausea or vomiting
What is multidrug resistant TB?
What is multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB)? Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) is caused by an organism that is resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampin, the two most potent TB drugs. These drugs are used to treat all persons with TB disease.